怎样用英语谈论“职业”和“工作”？

“工作”，使得我们可以实现自我价值，并且创造利益以满足生活需求。不过你知道如何用英文介绍工作情况吗，不同的职业用英文该怎么说呢？“What is your job?” 这个问题结构是对的，但听起来不礼貌也不自然。今天来分享几个常用的表达。

Ways to ask

我们可以调整一下措辞，让这个问题听起来更自然。当你在社交场合遇到某人，你想知道他们做什么工作，最常见的问题是：What do you do? 或者：What do you do for a living?

例：A: What do you do?    B: I'm a data engineer.

A: What do you do for a living?     B: I'm a musician.

另外两种友好的询问方式是：What kind of work do you do?    What line of work are you in?

"What is your profession?"这个说法一般在正式场合使用，比如工作面试，在日常交流中不会用到。

Following up

在对方回答之后，可以看情况再问一两个问题深入了解。看一个例子：

A: What do you do for a living?

B: I'm a data engineer.

A: Nice! How long have you been doing that? 你干这一行多久了。

B: For about five years now.

A: Where do you work? 你在哪里工作？

B: At the city's software park.

Not to do

另一件要知道的事是，我们不会主动去问一个人的工资，在工作中更是高度保密的信息。除非有人和你分享这些信息，或者向你咨询薪资建议。

Professions & Occupations

下面分享一些常用的工作、职业的英语词汇。

Professions & Occupations

Accountant - a person that works with the money and accounts of a company.

Actor /Actress - a person that acts in a play or a movie.

Architect - a person that designs building and houses.

Astronomer - a person who studies the stars and the universe.

Author - They write books or novels.

Baker - They make bread and cakes and normally work in a bakery.

Bricklayer - a person that helps to build houses by using bricks.

Bus driver - a person that drives buses.

Butcher - a person that works with meat. They cut the meat and sell it in their shops.

Carpenter - a person that makes things from wood including houses and furniture.

Chef/Cook - a person that prepared food for others, often in a restaurant or café.

Cleaner - a person that cleans/tidies an area or place (such as in an office)

Dentist - a person that can fix problems you have with your teeth.

Designer - a person who has the job of designing things.

Doctor - a person you go to see when you are ill or have some type of health problem.

Dustman/Refuse collector - a person that collects trash/rubbish from bins in the street.

Electrician - a person that works with electric circuits.

Engineer - a person who develops solutions to technical problems. They sometimes design, build, or maintain engines, machines, structures or public works.

Factory worker - a person that works in a factory.

Farmer - a person that works on a farm, usually with animals.

Fireman/Fire fighter - a person that puts out fires.

Fisherman - a person that catches fish.

Florist - a person that works with flowers.

Gardener - a person that keeps gardens clean and tidy. They take care of the plants in the garden.

Hairdresser - they cut your hair or give it a new style.

Journalist - a person that makes new reports in writing or through television.

Judge - a qualified person that decides cases in a law court.

Lawyer - a person that defends people in court and gives legal advice.

Lecturer - a person that gives lectures, usually in a university.

Librarian - a person that works in a library.

Lifeguard - a person that saves lives and protects swimmers from accidents (usually at a beach or swimming pool).

Mechanic - a person that repairs machines, especially car motors.

Model - a (usually attractive) person that works in fashion, modeling clothes and accessories.

Newsreader - a person that reads the news, normally on broadcast or television.

Nurse - a person trained to help a doctor look after the sick or injured person.

Optician - a person that checks your eyes and try and correct problems with your sight.

Painter - a person that paints pictures or a worker who is employed to cover objects with paint (usually the interior and exterior of buildings).

Pharmacist - a qualified person that works with and dispenses medicine.

Photographer - a person that takes photos.

Pilot - a person who flies a plane.

Plumber - a person that repairs water systems or pipes of your house.

Politician - a person who works in politics.

Policeman/Policewoman - a member of the police force. They (try and) prevent crimes.

Postman - a person that delivers mails to your house.

Real estate agent - a person that makes money from selling land for development.

Receptionist - a person that is at the reception (entrance) of a company, whose main duty is to answer the telephone and receive visitors.

Scientist - a person that works in the science industry. They do many experiments.

Secretary - a person employed in an office who types letters, keeps records etc.

Shop assistant - a person that works in a shop or store selling products.

Soldier - a person who works for the army.

Tailor - a person that makes clothes for others, mainly producing exclusive items of clothing.

Taxi driver - a person who drives a taxi.

Teacher - a person that passes knowledge to students, usually at school.

Translator - a person that translates from one language to another.

Traffic warden - a person that patrols areas to check that people do not park in the wrong place.

Travel agent - a person that organises and sells holiday plans and flights for others.

Veterinary doctor (Vet) - a qualified person that looks after sick animals.

Waiter/Waitress - a person that works in a food outlet, looking after customers and serving food.

Window cleaner - a person that cleans windows, normally the windows of tall buildings.